## 5.10 Matrix Concatenation

Stan’s matrix concatenation operations append_col and append_row are like the operations cbind and rbind in R.

#### 5.10.0.1 Horizontal concatenation

matrix append_col(matrix x, matrix y)
Combine matrices x and y by columns. The matrices must have the same number of rows.

matrix append_col(matrix x, vector y)
Combine matrix x and vector y by columns. The matrix and the vector must have the same number of rows.

matrix append_col(vector x, matrix y)
Combine vector x and matrix y by columns. The vector and the matrix must have the same number of rows.

matrix append_col(vector x, vector y)
Combine vectors x and y by columns. The vectors must have the same number of rows.

row_vector append_col(row_vector x, row_vector y)
Combine row vectors x and y of any size into another row vector.

row_vector append_col(real x, row_vector y)
Append x to the front of y, returning another row vector.

row_vector append_col(row_vector x, real y)
Append y to the end of x, returning another row vector.

#### 5.10.0.2 Vertical concatenation

matrix append_row(matrix x, matrix y)
Combine matrices x and y by rows. The matrices must have the same number of columns.

matrix append_row(matrix x, row_vector y)
Combine matrix x and row vector y by rows. The matrix and the row vector must have the same number of columns.

matrix append_row(row_vector x, matrix y)
Combine row vector x and matrix y by rows. The row vector and the matrix must have the same number of columns.

matrix append_row(row_vector x, row_vector y)
Combine row vectors x and y by row. The row vectors must have the same number of columns.

vector append_row(vector x, vector y)
Concatenate vectors x and y of any size into another vector.

vector append_row(real x, vector y)
Append x to the top of y, returning another vector.

vector append_row(vector x, real y)
Append y to the bottom of x, returning another vector.