17.2 Slicing with Range Indexes
Slicing returns a contiguous slice of a one-dimensional array, a contiguous sub-block of a two-dimensional array, and so on. Semantically, it is just a special form of multiple indexing.
Lower and Upper Bound Indexes
For instance, consider supplying an upper and lower bound for an index.
int c[7];
...
int d[4];
d = c[3:6]; // result: d == (c[3], c[4], c[5], c[6])
The range index 3:6
behaves semantically just like the multiple
index (3, 4, 5, 6)
. In terms of implementation, the sliced
upper and/or lower bounded indices are faster and use less memory
because they do not explicitly create a multiple index, but rather use
a direct loop. They are also easier to read, so should be preferred
over multiple indexes where applicable.
Lower or Upper Bound Indexes
It is also possible to supply just a lower bound, or just an upper
bound. Writing c[3:]
is just shorthand for
c[3:size(c)]
. Writing c[:5]
is just shorthand for
c[1:5]
.
Full Range Indexes
Finally, it is possible to write a range index that covers the entire
range of an array, either by including just the range symbol
(:
) as the index or leaving the index position empty. In both
cases, c[]
and c[:]
are equal to c[1:size(c)]
,
which in turn is just equal to c
.